What score do mortgage brokers use?
The most commonly used FICO Score in the mortgage-lending industry is the FICO Score 5. According to FICO, the majority of lenders pull credit histories from all three major credit reporting agencies as they evaluate mortgage applications. Mortgage lenders may also use FICO Score 2 or FICO Score 4 in their decisions.
While most lenders use the FICO Score 8, mortgage lenders use the following scores: Experian: FICO Score 2, or Fair Isaac Risk Model v2. Equifax: FICO Score 5, or Equifax Beacon 5. TransUnion: FICO Score 4, or TransUnion FICO Risk Score 04.
FICO ® Scores are the most widely used credit scores—90% of top lenders use FICO ® Scores. Every year, lenders access billions of FICO ® Scores to help them understand people's credit risk and make better–informed lending decisions.
Lenders determine what's called the "lower middle score" and usually look at each applicant's middle score. For example, say your credit scores from the three credit bureaus are 723, 716 and 699, and your partners are 688, 657 and 649. Lenders will then use the lower of the two middle scores, which is 657.
Recently, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) approved the use of VantageScore 4.0 for lenders who sell loans to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (Government Sponsored Enterprises, or GSEs). This landmark decision enables lenders to take advantage of VantageScore's highly predictive and inclusive credit scoring model.
The required credit score to buy a $300K house typically ranges from 580 to 720 or higher, depending on the type of mortgage. For an FHA loan, a popular choice among first-time homebuyers for its lower down payment requirement, the minimum credit score is usually around 580.
Mortgage lenders can use Credit Reports from any Credit Reference Agency that they have a reciprocal data sharing agreement with. In practice, this means a mortgage lender might access your Equifax, Experian, or TransUnion Credit Report — or a combination of the three — when assessing your application.
FICO 8 scores range between 300 and 850. A FICO score of at least 700 is considered a good score. There are also industry-specific versions of credit scores that businesses use. For example, the FICO Bankcard Score 8 is the most widely used score when you apply for a new credit card or a credit-limit increase.
Credit scoring models can weigh certain information in your reports more heavily than other credit score factors. For example, one scoring model may put more emphasis on total credit usage than others. Because there are varied scoring models, you'll likely have different scores from different providers.
To qualify for an FHA loan with a 3.5% down payment, for example, you'll need a minimum FICO credit score of 580. If your credit score is lower – between 500 and 579 – you may still be eligible for an FHA loan, but you'll need to make a higher down payment of 10%.
Do mortgage lenders use FICO or Vantage?
For the majority of lending decisions most lenders use your FICO score. Calculated by the data analytics company Fair Isaac Corporation, it's based on data from credit reports about your payment history, credit mix, length of credit history and other criteria.
- Check your credit report. ...
- Dispute any errors. ...
- Pay down the balance. ...
- Set up payment reminders. ...
- Improve your credit utilization. ...
- FHA Loans. ...
- Conventional Loans. ...
- VA Loans.
You can borrow anywhere from a few thousand dollars to $100,000+ with a 620 credit score. The exact amount of money you will get depends on other factors besides your credit score, such as your income, your employment status, the type of loan you get, and even the lender.
Credit Tier/Rating | VantageScore® | FICO® |
---|---|---|
Poor / Fair | 500-600 | 580-669 |
Fair / Good | 601-660 | 670-739 |
Good / Very Good | 661-780 | 740-799 |
Exceptional | 781-850 | 800-850 |
The base FICO® Scores range from 300 to 850, while FICO's industry-specific scores range from 250 to 900. The first two versions of the VantageScore ranged from 501 to 990, but the latest VantageScore 3.0 and 4.0 use the same 300-to-850 range as base FICO® scores.
FICO calculates your credit score based on fewer factors
For starters, FICO uses five total factors to determine credit scores, while VantageScore uses six. The factors themselves, other than payment history, are different too.
A person who makes $50,000 a year might be able to afford a house worth anywhere from $180,000 to nearly $300,000. That's because your annual salary isn't the only variable that determines your home buying budget. You also have to consider your credit score, current debts, mortgage rates, and many other factors.
So, to estimate the salary you'll need to comfortably afford a $300,000 home purchase, multiply the annual total of $24,000 by three. That leaves us with a recommended income of $72,000. (Keep in mind that this does not include a down payment or closing costs.)
To be approved for a $200,000 mortgage with a minimum down payment of 3.5 percent, you will need an approximate income of $62,000 annually. (This is an estimated example.)
As part of the mortgage loan application process, lenders will request to see 2 to 3 months of checking and savings account statements. The lender will review these bank statements to verify your income and expense history as stated on your loan application.
Do mortgage brokers do a hard credit check?
Most lenders will perform different credit checks at different points of the application process. A lot of lenders will perform a soft credit check at the mortgage in principle stage, but some lenders will do a hard credit check.
You'll typically need a credit score of 620 to finance a home purchase. However, some lenders may offer mortgage loans to borrowers with scores as low as 500. Whether you qualify for a specific loan type also depends on personal factors like your debt-to-income ratio (DTI), loan-to-value ratio (LTV) and income.
While older models of credit scores used to go as high as 900, you can no longer achieve a 900 credit score. The highest score you can receive today is 850. Anything above 800 is considered an excellent credit score.
The most widely used model is FICO 8, though the company has also created FICO 9 and FICO 10 Suite, which consists of FICO 10 and FICO 10T. There are also older versions of the score that are still used in specific lending scenarios, such as for mortgages and car loans.
Which is better: FICO score 8 or 9? FICO Score 9 is slightly more forgiving than FICO Score 8 since paid-off debt in collections no longer factor in, medical debts are treated differently, and consumers get more help with their credit when their rent payments are reported to the credit bureaus.
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